Kullin wani yanki ne na inji na gama gari, galibi ana amfani dashi a wurare da yawa. Shi ne kai da dunƙule, sassa biyu na abun da ke ciki na wani aji na fasteners, wanda dole ne a yi amfani da tare da goro, yafi tabbatar da alaka da biyu sassa tare da ta rami. Wataƙila ba ku da masaniya game da ingancin kayan kwalliyar, wannan labarin zai gabatar muku da kayan kwalliya, ingantaccen ilimi, ta yadda mutane da yawa za su iya koyan gano waɗannan ƙananan kaddarorin na kullin.
Menene halaye da kayan bolts suke nufi?
Ingancin kusoshi yayi dace da 4.8, 8.8, 10.9 da sauran halaye na bolt.
Kayan da aka yi amfani da shi don kera kullun shine Q235, 35K, 40Cr, 45 # karfe, 35CrMo karfe, 304 bakin karfe da 316 bakin karfe, da dai sauransu.
M karfe iya kawai samar da low ƙarfi kusoshi, matsakaici carbon karfe iya samar da matsakaici ƙarfi kusoshi, high carbon karfe da gami karfe iya samar da high ƙarfi kusoshi. Wasu maki na angwaye suna ƙayyadad da sinadarai masu kamanceceniya da kaddarorin inji, amma kuma sun gano kayan.
Anan akwai jerin maki gama gari, dangane da kayan da aka yi amfani da su. Grade 4.8 na iya zama Q235, Q195 da sauran m karfe kayan. Mataki na 5.8, Q235, ana iya amfani dashi don duk kayan kuma baya buƙatar magani mai zafi. Level 8.8, zaren diamita 16 mm ko ƙasa da haka, 35 #, zafi jiyya, 16 mm ko fiye, 45 # da low carbon gami karfe, zafi jiyya. Level 10.9, matsakaici carbon gami karfe, zafi magani. Maganin zafi 35Crmo 40Cr, da sauransu.
Shin za a iya bambanta ƙwanƙwasa masu ƙarfi daga kusoshi na yau da kullun ta kayansu?
Gabaɗaya an raba bolts gwargwadon ƙarfinsu.
Bolt yi matakin 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, 12.9 da sauransu, fiye da 10 maki, ciki har da kusoshi 8.8 da kuma sama Ya sanya na low-carbon gami karfe ko matsakaici-carbon gami karfe da zafi-mayya, da aka fi sani da ƙarfi da ƙarfi da sauran ƙarfi, da aka sani da karfi da ƙarfi. kusoshi da aka fi sani da talakawa kusoshi. Alamar matakin aikin bolt ɗin ta ƙunshi sassa biyu na haɗin ƙididdiga, bi da bi ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan abin rufewa da ƙimar ƙimar ƙarfin lanƙwasawa.
Misali, matakin wasan kwaikwayon na bolts 8.8 shine kamar haka
1, Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfafa shine 800MPa;
2, ƙimar ƙarfin haɓakar kayan ƙwanƙwasa shine 0.8;
3, Ƙarfin ƙididdiga na ƙididdiga na kayan abu shine 800 × 0.8 = 640MPa. Mafi yawan amfani da kusoshi masu ƙarfi sune maki 8.8 da 10.9, kuma kusoshi na yau da kullun da aka fi amfani da su sune maki 4.8.
Ta yaya za ku iya bambanta tsakanin ƙwanƙwasa masu ƙarfi da kusoshi na yau da kullun?
Carbon karfe kayan an raba zuwa high-ƙarfi da talakawa kayan. Carbon karfe kusoshi samar daga high-ƙarfi kayan da ake kira high-ƙarfi bolts. Misali, muna amfani da karfe 45 # don samar da bolts guda biyu, misali, muna amfani da karfe 35k don samar da bolts hexagonal da bolts hexagonal, waɗannan bolts ɗin ana jefa su, za a yi tsarin kula da zafi, bayan an gama, matakin bolt ɗin ya kai matakin 8.8, duk da cewa kayan ƙarfe iri ɗaya ne, amma saboda ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki, ana kiran su da ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki. Misali, muna amfani da 40Crmo gami karfe don samar da 10.9 hex bolts, kuma misali, muna amfani da 35Crmo gami karfe don samar da 12.9 kusoshi, da dai sauransu, wadannan matakan sun fi 8.8 matakin, don haka ana kiran su high-ƙarfi bolts.
Bolts da aka samar da kayan ƙarfe na carbon na yau da kullun ana kiran su kusoshi na yau da kullun. Alal misali, muna amfani da kayan Q235 don samar da 4.8 hexagonal bolts, kamar mu A3 karfe kayan don samar da 4 hexagonal kwayoyi, da dai sauransu, wadannan kayan bayan kammala samar kawai bukatar surface tsaftacewa ko electro-galvanised surface jiyya, kuma ba sa bukatar zafi magani, don haka su ake kira talakawa kusoshi.
Daga sama, za mu iya kafa doka: abin da ake kira high-ƙarfi kusoshi, watau wadanda da inji Properties daidai da ko fiye da 8.8 da kuma wanda bukatar zafi magani, ake kira high-ƙarfi kusoshi. Bolts tare da kayan aikin injiniya da ke ƙasa da 8.8 ana kiran su kusoshi na yau da kullun, tare da ƙarfin 4.8, waɗanda ba sa buƙatar magani mai zafi.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-30-2024